What is EPC and ESCO?
An EPC (Energy Performance Contract) is a contract based on agreed performance criteria.
An ESCO is Energy Service Company (ESCO) it is a business that develops, installs, and arranges financing for projects designed to improve the energy efficiency and maintenance costs for facilities.
Typically esco firms offer one or more of these services:
* develop, design, and arrange financing for energy efficiency projects
* install and maintain the energy efficient equipment
* measure, monitor, and verify the project’s energy savings
* assume the risk that the project will save the amount of energy guaranteed
EPC are comprehensive contracts, which means that the ESCO can employ a wide array of cost-effective measures to achieve energy efficiency improvements. These measures often include the following new technology, high efficiency lighting, heating and air conditioning, or use of variable speed drives, and centralized energy management systems are just some of the means used.
When an ESCO undertakes an EPC project, the company’s compensation, and often the project’s financing, are directly linked to the amount of energy that will be saved over the term. Typically, the comprehensive energy efficiency retrofits inherent in ESCO projects require a large initial capital investment and offer a relatively long payback period.
The customer’s debt payments are tied to the energy savings offered under the project so that the customer pays for the capital improvement with the money that comes out of the difference between pre-installation and post-installation energy use. For this reason, ESCOs have led the effort to verify, rather than estimate energy savings. One of the most accurate means of measurement is the relatively new practice of metering, which is direct tracking of energy savings according to sanctioned engineering protocols.
Most performance based energy efficiency projects include the maintenance of all or some portion of the new equipment over the life of the contract. The cost of this ongoing maintenance is covered by the overall cost of the project. Therefore, during the life of the contract, the customer receives the benefit of reduced maintenance costs, in addition to reduced energy costs.
In addition to the economic benefits realized by ESCO customers through energy and maintenance cost savings, this booming industry has had a profound effect on the economy. New jobs are created, not only within the ESCOs, but though the use of contractors and through the many firms involved directly and indirectly in supporting energy efficiency projects.
One major advantage for the customer is that the efficient plant remains in place long after the EPC is completed, and can continue to provide savings year after year.
There are several esco “models” to suit different situations and applications.